不知命，无以为君子。

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April 30

不知命，无以为君子。

文集：客游天地间作者：云尘子

此语出于《论语·尧曰》，意思是说，如果不知道命运，也就不能成为君子。我们的认识错误往往在于对“知命”的理解。我们一说到“命”，马上就想到“宿命论”，马上就想到“迷信”、“消极”，因此，好象“知命”也就是“向命运低头”，也就是“不思进取”，实际上这完全是误解、曲解。“命”是“命运”的简称，所谓“命”是与生俱来、一出生就已确定了的东西，这是由具体的时间和空间而决定的东西；所谓“运”是随着时间与空间的变化而不断改变着的东西。我们现在流行的说法是“命运掌握在我们手中”，是“有志者事竟成”，是“一分汗水就有一分收获”，似乎只要我们努力就一定能改变命运，就能改变一些，我们这么说的目的是为了鼓励人们去努力做事，却不知道这样一来就片面夸大了人的作用，背离了中庸之道。关于“命”，我们可以说，一个人出生时是男是女、是黑人、白人或者黄色人种等等，是我们自己能决定、能改变的吗？仅以性别而言，现在科学很发达了，可以做变性手术，那是后天的改变，但是如论这种改变多么成功，无法改变的是激素、心理等等。再从历史上来看，孔子当时周游列国不是努力了吗？但是，仍然是“道不行”；屈原也努力了，结果是“信而见疑，忠而被谤”；苏轼也努力了，但是仍然是一生坎坷。所以，君子应该知道命运的存在，否则不足以成为君子。知道命运的存在以后怎么办？假如说为命运而沾沾自喜或者沮丧颓唐，那也不叫君子。孔子“知其不可而为之”，这是先师的做法。也就是说，不是因为必然会成功才去做，而是因为该做、能做才去乐观而积极地去做，至于最后是否成功，那不是我们所能说了算的。君子只管做好每个此时此刻该做的事，那么也就会终生无悔。如果我们先去想未来是否会成功，志在必得，那么，一旦失败便会怨天尤人或者自暴自弃。

11:27 PM | Blog it

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